The prayer which Jesus Christ taught to His disciples.
Traditional version:Our Father, Who art in heaven Hallowed be Thy Name; Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen.
Newer version: Our Father, Who is in heaven, Holy is Your Name; Your kingdom come, Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our sins, as we forgive those who sin against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen.
The Our Father is based on these passages from the Bible:
Singular Noun Definition: When a noun means one only, it is said to be singular.Examples: boy, girl, book, church, box Plural Noun Definition:When a noun means more than one, it is said to be plural.Examples: boys, girls, books, churches Rule #1 The plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular noun.
lamp
lamps
cat
cats
fork
forks
flower
flowers
pen
pens
Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns
chair
star
farm
storm
door
rock
owner
paper
cup
Rule #2 Nouns ending in s, z, x,sh, and ch form the plural by adding - es.
moss
mosses
buzz
buzzes
box
boxes
dish
dishes
church
churches
Rule #3 Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by changing - y to - ies. Examples: lady, ladies; city, cities; army, armiesRule #4 Nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel form their plurals by adding - s. Example: boy, boys; day, days Rule #5 Most nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by adding es. Example: hero; heroes; grotto, grottoes Rule #6Some nouns ending in f or fe are made plural by changing f orfe to - ves. Example: beef, beeves; wife, wives
IRREGULAR PLURALS
man, men
foot, feet
mouse, mice
woman, women
tooth, teeth
louse, lice
child, children
ox, oxen
goose, gees
The following nouns have no singular:
scissors
oats
tongs
dregs
trousers
pinchers
bellows
snuffers
cattle
shears
measles
mumps
victuals
tweezers
vespers
Some nouns are always singular. Some of these nouns may be used in the plural when different kinds are meant as sugars, coffees, cottons
A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition.
A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples:
...AND THANKS TO THE REST OF THE CONTESTANTS! (5TH PRIMARY PUPILS)
LIFE CYCLE OF A TREE
1. Fruit fall from the tree. Some of the seeds fall on the ground. 2. The roots grow from the seeds. 3. The roots grow. Leaves grow. 4. The small tree grows. Branches grow. 5. The branches are longer now. The tree is bigger now. 6. Every year the tree produces flowers.
7. Then, the tree produces fruit.
SIGNS
DON'T pick flowers!
DON'T drop litter!
DON'T light fires!
Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: It's not a party, it's an intimate get together! Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: Don't call it that, it's just a get together! Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: Don't spill your drink Don't drop your food Don't make the music in the house go boom Hey, don't use my mom's good scissors And please stay out of my room Take your feet off the chair No running in the house Put a coaster under that drink Hey, these tchotchkes aren't for juggling And that's a toilet, not a sink!
Candace: It's not a party, it's an intimate get together Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: Don't call it that, it's just a get together Everyone: Candace party! Candace party!
Jeremy: Candace party!
Candace: Hey, what's this in this fishbowl? I said don't play with the remote! Hey close the door, were you born in a barn? Which one of you brought this goat?
Candace: It's not a party, it's an intimate get together Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: Don't call it that, it's just a get together Everyone: Candace party! Candace party! Candace: We're talking I to the N to the T-I-M-A-T-E get together Everyone: Whaaaat? Candace: I to the N to the T-I-M-A-T-E get together Everyone: That's right.
- Maria plays tennis at the weekends
- She doesn’t study French.
- How many children do they have?
Remember:
- In positive we use two conjugations. One is the simple form and the other is the “s” form (play/plays)
- In negative sentences we use the auxiliaries don’t and doesn’t and the verb is ALWAYS in the simple form. (She doesn’t work)
- In the question form we use auxiliaries do and does and also the verb goes in the simple form. The subject goes in between the auxiliary and the verb. (Do you work here?)
Present continuous
- Maria is playing tennis.
- She isn’t studying.
- What are they doing?
Remember:
- When we construct the present continuous we use the verb to be. Therefore we DO NOT USE auxiliaries do, does, don’t or doesn’t.
- Use the “ing” form after the verb to be.
USES COMPARISON
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Routines / Habits : Maria smokes
Actions happening NOW: Maria is smoking
Permanent Actions: Pedro lives in Sevilla
Temporary actions: Juan is staying at the Marriot hotel.
Current facts/truths: I have two brothers
Exercises:
Fill in the blanks with am/is/are/do/don’t/does/doesn’t
1. Excuse me _____ you speak English?
2. Have a cigarette. No, thank you. I _____ smoke.
3. Why ____ you laughing at me?
4. What ____ she do? She’s a dentist.
5. I ____ want to go out. It ____ raining.
6. Where ____ you come from? From Canada.
7. How much ____ it cost to send a letter to Canada?
8.I can’t talk to you at the moment. I ____ working.
9. George is a good tennis player but he _____ play very often.
Put the verb in present continuous or present simple
1. Excuse me, ______________ (you/speak) English?
2. Tom _________________ (have/shower) at the moment.
3. They _____________ (not/watch) television very often.
4. Listen! Somebody _______________ (sing)
5. She’s tired. She ____________ (want) to go home.
6. How often ____________________ (you/read) a newspaper?
7. Excuse me, but you __________________ (sit) in my place. Oh I’m sorry.
8. I’m sorry. I ___________________ (not/understand). Please speak more slowly.
9.Where are you Roy? I am in the office. I ___________________ (read)
10. What time __________________ (she/finish) work every day?
11. You can turn off the radio. I _____________________ (not listen) to it.
12. He ____________________ (not/usually/drive) to work. He usually ________ (walk)
The correct use of the comparative and superlative forms is a key ingredient when students are learning how to express their opinion or make comparative judgments. The previous lessons focuses on first building understanding of the structure - and of the similarity between the two forms. We use the comparative and superlative form to compare and contrast different objects in English. Use the comparative form to show the difference between two objects. Example: New York is more exciting than Seattle. Use the superlative form when speaking about three or more objects to show which object is 'the most' of something. Example: New York is the most exciting city in the USA.
Forming Comparative and Superlative Adjectives:
One-syllable adjectives. Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative.
One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form tall taller tallest old older oldest long longer longest
Mary is taller than Max. Mary is the tallest of all the students. Max is older than John. Of the three students, Max is the oldest. My hair is longer than your hair. Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form. One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative Form large larger largest wise wiser wisest
Mary's car is larger than Max's car. Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block. Max is wiser than his brother. Max is the wisest person I know.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It Comparative Form Superlative Form big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest fat fatter fattest
My dog is bigger than your dog. My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood. Max is thinner than John. Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. My mother is fatter than your mother. Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen.
Two-syllable adjectives. With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form peaceful more peaceful most peaceful pleasant more pleasant most pleasant careful more careful most careful thoughtful more thoughtful most thoughtful
This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning. Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world. Max is more careful than Mike. Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful. Jill is more thoughtful than your sister. Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met.
If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est. Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form happy happier happiest angry angrier angriest busy busier busiest
John is happier today than he was yesterday. John is the happiest boy in the world. Max is angrier than Mary. Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest. Mary is busier than Max. Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms. Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or -ow Comparative Form Superlative Form narrow narrower narrowest gentle gentler gentlest
The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city. This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California. Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Adjectives with three or more syllables.
For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. Adjective with Three or More Syllables Comparative Form Superlative Form generous more generous most generous important more important most important intelligent more intelligent most intelligent
John is more generous than Jack. John is the most generous of all the people I know. Health is more important than money. Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. Women are more intelligent than men. Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met.
Exceptions. Irregular adjectives. Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form good better best bad worse worst far farther farthest little less least many more most
Italian food is better than American food. My dog is the best dog in the world. My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking. Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most. Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form clever cleverer cleverest clever more clever most clever gentle gentler gentlest gentle more gentle most gentle friendly friendlier friendliest friendly more friendly most friendly quiet quieter quietest quiet more quiet most quiet simple simpler simplest simple more simple most simple
Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Big dogs are more gentle than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle.
Lyrics:
There are rats, rats, as big as alley cats,
At the store, at the store.
There are rats, rats, as big as alley cats,
At the Quartermaster's store.
Chorus:
My eyes are dim, I can not see.
I have not brought my specks with me. [Repeat]
Mice . . . running through the rice.
Snakes . . . as big as garden rakes.
Beans . . . as big as submarines.
Gravy . . . enough to float the navy.
Cakes . . . that give us tummy aches.
Eggs . . . with scaly chicken legs.
Butter . . . running in the gutter.
Bread . . . with great big lumps like lead.
Cheese . . . that makes you want to sneeze.
Goats . . . eating all the oats
Bees . . . with little knobby knees.